Div 296 Tax (Proportionate Tax on Earnings on Member Accounts Over $3m)

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This FAQ is for general educational purposes only and does not constitute financial advice. It is provided and maintained by SMSF Alliance.

What is Div 296 tax?

On 28 February 2023, the Government announced an integrity measure to reduce the tax benefits enjoyed by superannuation members with large balances which they have defined as over $3m. This cap is not to be indexed. The changes are intended to commence from 1 July 2025 to apply to member’s whose balances are over $3m at 30 June 2026 (not at 1 July 2025).

Currently super funds pay from 0% to 15% tax. This does not alter except that returns on balances over $3m are taxed an additional 15%.This additional tax is called Division 296 tax. It will be charged to the fund member personally, but can be paid by the super fund if the member chooses.

Is it Law?

No, it failed to gain sufficient Senate report in the previous government to pass but, following the changed nature of the Parliament after the last election, the government has stated that they will use their superior numbers in the House of Representatives and the support of the Greens in the Senate, to pass the legislation. This FAQ assumes the legislation will mirror what was previously drafted however it may change. Any changes will be reflected in the FAQ.

How is it calculated?

The liability is calculated by the ATO based on the member data they receive from every super fund. The calculation uses changes in the member’s total super balance (the sum of all pension and accumulation accounts held by the member across all funds), including unrealised capital gains, rather than taxable income. This is because super funds, other than SMSFs do not have software capable of providing member specific taxable income information to the ATO. The government has decided that taxing unrealised gains on a permanent basis is preferable to requiring large super funds, including retail and industry funds, to upgrade the capability of their software. This aspect of the proposal is presently receiving heated criticism, even from some respected Labor sources.

There are three steps to calculating the tax.

As an example we will consider John, who has a 30 June 2026 balance of $5.5m. His balance on 30 June 2025 was $5m. He is subject to the new tax because his balance on 30 June 2026 was over $3m, not because his balance on 30 June 2025 was over $3m.

Step 1. What percentage of fund earnings will be subject to Div 296 tax?

The proportion is calculated as:

Proportion of earnings = (TSB at end of financial year – large balance threshold) ÷ TSB at end of financial year

where:

TSB at end of financial year = the member’s TSB at the end of the current financial year

Large balance threshold = $3m

The result is then rounded to 2 decimal places (rounding up if the third decimal place is 5 or more).

Note that if the member does not have a total super balance of over $3m at the end of the year their proportion of earnings will be 0%.

The proportion of John’s earnings in 2025/26 which is subject to the Division 296 tax is calculated as:

($5.5m – $3m) ÷ $5.5m = 45.45% (rounded to 2 decimal places)

Step 2. What are the Fund Earnings to which the percentage is applied?

“Earnings” are not calculated in the same way as the fund’s taxable investment income.  Instead, “earnings” are calculated as the growth in the member’s Total Super Balance over the year, adjusted for withdrawals and contributions, as follows:

Earnings = Adjusted TSB at end of financial year – TSB at start of financial year

where:

Adjusted TSB at end of financial year = the member’s TSB at the end of the financial year plus Withdrawals less Contributions

where:

Withdrawals = amounts withdrawn from superannuation during the financial year

Contributions = amounts added to superannuation (net of contributions tax if applicable) during the financial year

TSB at start of financial year = the member’s TSB just before the start of the financial year (or $3m whichever is the greater)

If John hadn’t made any withdrawals or contributions in the 2025/2026 financial year his earnings would be

($5.5m + $0 – $0) – $5m = $500k

What is included in “withdrawals” when calculating a member’s “earnings”?

A member’s “withdrawals” for a particular year will be the total of:

  • any benefits paid from their superannuation during the year (eg lump sum withdrawals, pension payments) (this will include any benefits paid from any death benefit pensions being paid to the member),
  • any amount transferred from their superannuation to their spouse’s superannuation during the year under a contribution splitting strategy,
  • an amount transferred from their superannuation during the year under a family law superannuation split,
  • any amounts released under a release authority, and
  • any amount prescribed by regulations for this purpose (note, at this stage no regulations have been made).
What is included in “contributions” when calculating a member’s “earnings”?

A member’s “contributions” for a particular financial year will be the total of:

  • any contributions made to a superannuation fund for the member during the year less 15% tax on any concessional contributions,
  • any amount transferred or rolled into their superannuation fund during the year under a contribution splitting strategy,
  • any amount transferred or rolled into their superannuation fund during the year under a family law superannuation split,
  • the starting value of any new death benefit pension commenced to be paid to the member during the year,
  • the date of death value of any pension which has reverted to the member during the year,
  • any insurance proceeds received during the year and allocated to the member’s account during the year where the policy provided cover for death, total and permanent disablement or terminal illness of the member (note the proceeds from any temporary disability insurance would not be included as “contributions”),
  • amounts allocated from a reserve for the member during the year provided they are counted against the member’s concessional contributions cap (note, some reserve allocations are not assessed against an individual’s concessional contributions cap and won’t be included in “contributions” including:
    • any amount that was allocated in a fair and reasonable manner to an account for every member of the fund, where the amount allocated for the financial year is less than 5% of the value of the member’s interest in the fund at the time, and
    • any amount allocated to a member from a reserve due to the commutation of the member’s defined benefit pension (ie a complying lifetime/life expectancy pension, or a flexi pension), or the commutation of a defined benefit pension (ie a complying lifetime/life expectancy pension, or a flexi pension) that was in payment to the spouse of the member, on the death of that spouse),
  • any amount transferred into an Australian superannuation fund from a foreign superannuation fund for the member during the year less 15% tax on any amount the member has elected to have taxed in the fund,
  • any increases in the value of the member’s superannuation interest during the year as a result of:
    • a payment for compensation for a loss suffered due to fraud or dishonesty, or
    • a remediation payment (eg arrangements where a fund member is compensated for some sort of error or wrongdoing from a superannuation trustee or third party), and
  • any amount prescribed by regulations for this purpose (note, at this stage no regulations have been made).
Step 3. How much is the tax payable.

A flat tax rate of 15 per cent is applied to the proportion of earnings attributable to the member’s balance over $3m.

John’s tax liability would be

(15% of $500k) x 45.45% = $34,087.50

Note that, if the member does not have a total super balance (not an adjusted total super balance) of over $3m at the end of the year their proportion of earnings will be 0% so no tax would be payable.

What are the effects of some common scenarios?

Scenario 1. Nick has a 30 June 2025 member balance of $4.5 million. He makes no contributions or withdrawals during the year. His 30 June 2026 balance is $4.8 million.

His Div 296 earnings are $300k. His taxable percentage is 37.50% so his Div 296 tax is $16,875.

Scenario 2. Same as 1. But, on 25 June 2026 Nick’s member account receives a total and permanent disablement insurance payout of $1 million. His 30 June balance is now $5.8 million but, after adjusting for his insurance payment, his earnings are still $300k. His taxable percentage has increased to 48.28% so his Div 296 tax is now $21,726.

Scenario 3.   Same as 1. But, on 25 June 2026 Nick withdraws $1 million from his member account. His 30 June balance is now $3.8 million but, after adjusting for the withdrawal, his earnings are still $300k. His taxable percentage has decreased to 21.05% so his Div 296 tax is now $9,472.50.

Clearly, though contributions and withdrawals have not affected the Div 296 earnings, they have affected the level of tax paid on those earnings. This is in line with the government’s intention as the taxable percentage would reduce to 0% if sufficient had been withdrawn to bring  Nick’s total super balance to $3 million at 30 June 2026.

Do you have a calculator?

Yes, here is a simple Div 296 calculator for your convenience.

How is the tax collected?

Division 296 tax will be levied on the member personally, not their superannuation fund.

The member will have 84 days to pay the assessment, directly using their personal assets or, alternatively, by directing the ATO to take the money from their superannuation account. Where someone has multiple super accounts, they can choose the account from which the amount is withdrawn.

Am I affected if my SMSF balance is over $3m?

Not necessarily. If you are the only member, yes, but if there are other members then only if your member balance, when added to super balances you have in any other funds, is over $3m at 30 June 2026.

Is every super fund member with more than $3m possibly subjected to this tax?

Usually, but there are three scenarios where members are exempt from Div 296 tax.

1. A member who dies before the last day of the financial year.

Though this seems perfectly reasonable it is also an indictment of the sloppy drafting of this legislation. Presumably this is unintended, but it means that a member who dies during a year is excluded, provided they do not die on 30th June. The government was advised of this fault, in various submissions during 2023 and 2024 but, in keeping with the notice they applied to these submissions, it was ignored. Presumably it will be rectified eventually.

2. A death benefit to a child

A member who at the end of the year is in receipt of a superannuation income stream paid to them because of the death of their parent (child pension).

3. Balances attributable to structured settlements.

If a member has a superannuation balance in excess of $3m which includes some portion, even minor, of a structured settlement payment (a personal injury compensation payment that was not counted towards their non-concessional contributions cap)

Will the $3m threshold be indexed??

No, so it won’t increase with inflation each year. Lack of indexation will mean it will require the government to adjust it from time to time similar to what occurs with the income tax thresholds.

Does being in an SMSF with a limited recourse borrowing affect my total super balance?

Under the standard total super balance rules, the proportionate involvement of a limited recourse borrowing can be included in the total super balance of some members but, for the purpose of Division 296 tax, limited recourse borrowings are ignored.

How will being a member of a defined benefit super fund affect this calculation?

This is not yet clear. Certain defined benefit fund members are excluded. This is a small group, generally Judges in State based constitutionally protected funds. It would seem that others will be assessed using the family law valuation methodology. Some members may be able to defer their payments, many politicians are in this group, but we really lack detail. This FAQ will be updated as more detail comes to light.

Do negative fund earnings produce a Div 296 refund?

No, but they can be carried forward where the adjusted total super balance at the end of the year (ie after factoring in withdrawals and net contributions) is less than $3m. This may occur where investment losses cause a member’s balance to fall below the threshold. In this case the adjusted total super balance at the end of the year is replaced with $3m for the purposes of calculating earnings. Note that any loss of value prior to the commencement of this measure is not counted as a loss though any recovery is counted as a gain.

Would I need to reduce my balance to $3m before 1 July 2025 to avoid being subject to this tax.

No, if you were to avoid this tax by reducing your total super balance to $3m you would need to do so by 30 June 2026 as the determination is made at the end of the financial year, not the beginning.

Let’s consider James. He has $10m in super now. He doesn’t really have time to do a proper analysis as he doesn’t know what the final legislation will be but thinks he has to do something before 30 June 2025. He wants to know what the delay will cost him if he doesn’t take action now but if, in June 2026, he decides that he wants to reduce his super balance to $3m after all.

Let’s assume his account has increased in value by $1m during the 2025/2026 year so, to reduce it to $3m before 30 June 2026, he will need to withdraw $8m. He hasn’t made any contributions. What are his earnings?

Earnings = $3m + $8m – $10m = $1m

Does this mean his tax bill is $150k? No, because there is another part to the calculation.

Only a proportion of the Earnings is taxable.

Taxable proportion of earnings = (TSB at end of financial year – large balance threshold) ÷ TSB at end of financial year

= ($3m-$3m)/$3m = 0%.

So, delaying his decision for a year hasn’t cost James any extra tax at all. It has, however, allowed him to enjoy his super tax concessions for another year. There is time. There is no need to panic!

What if he decided to leave his super as is? He would pay the Div 296 tax as his proportion would not be 0%.

The proportion would be ($11m-$3m)/$11m = 72.73%. So, tax would be 72.73% of $1m at 15% = $109,095

Is there any measure I should definitely consider before 30 June 2025?

Perhaps. If you are in receipt of a complying lifetime or complying life expectancy pension that you intend to commute under the 5-year amnesty or in an SMSF with existing legacy reserves you wish to allocate and/or remove, you might consider doing so before 30 June 2025. This is because, if you wait until the 2026 financial year, the amounts will possibly be treated as growth, thereby increasing your 30 June 2026 total super balance, even if they are withdrawn during the year.  Only a small number of people will be in this situation. If you are one, then you should seek professional advice.

Will I be better off withdrawing my superannuation and investing in alternative structures?

For members with a total super balance, across all funds, of no more than $3m the benefits of superannuation are unchanged. For those who are affected it is possible that withdrawing the balance in excess of $3m could be advantageous but this is by no means guaranteed. The intent is that earnings on amounts in excess of $3m will be taxed at an additional 15%. This generally means that a tax rate of 30% will be applicable on such earnings. Member’s aged 60, and over, are able to access fund proceeds without paying further tax, so their total tax rate is 30%. Other structures may result in a higher overall tax rate when looked at from a total tax position. In addition, liquidation of super fund assets now, will probably incur capital gains tax on realised gains. The short answer is, it depends! There are two additional, but significant, considerations.

  1. We don’t know what the final legislation will be. Our assumptions are based on the previous Bill. Aspects of these measures are currently facing intense criticism from  across the board, including from influential members of the Labor Party, so they could change.
  2. In any case, if you determine that it’s best for you to be in an alternative structure, you have until 30 June 2026 to reduce your total super balance to $3m.